What is calculus in dental terms?

Calculus, in dental terms, refers to a hard mineral deposit that forms on teeth. It is formed when plaque, which is a soft deposit of bacteria, minerals, and food debris, is not removed through regular brushing and flossing. Over time, the plaque undergoes mineralization through the action of saliva, leading to the formation of calculus, also known as tartar. This hardened substance can adhere to teeth and can create a rough surface that attracts more plaque, leading to potential gum disease if not properly managed.

Understanding the nature of calculus is crucial for dental professionals since its presence indicates a need for professional cleaning, and it is a contributing factor to periodontal disease. Unlike soft deposits, calculus can only be removed with specific dental instruments, which highlights the importance of routine dental visits for maintaining oral health.